Engineering Resources and Research

web Bicycle & Pedestrian Program, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Bicycle & Pedestrian Program of the Federal Highway Administration's Office of Human and Natural Environment, promotes bicycle and pedestrian transportation accessibility, use, and safety. ...more >
document Testing and Evaluation of Pedestrian Sensors, Southwest Region University Transportation Center
The main objective of this study was to evaluate sensors for use in a pedestrian safety test bed in College Station, TX. ...more >
web Accessible Rights-of-Way: A Design Guide, United States Access Board
This design guide is based on provisions in the ADA Accessibility Guidelines, which requires facilities to be designed and construceted to be readily accessible to and usable by people with diabilities. ...more >
web Designing for Pedestrians, Washington State Department of Transportation
Washington State's Designing for Pedestrians website offers assistance in the form of research materials, frequently asked questions, and outlines of design standards. ...more >
document Context Sensitive Solutions in Designing major Urban Thoroughfares for Walkable Communities, Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE)
This report provides guidance and demonstrates for practitioners how context sensitive solutions (CSS) cocepts and principles may be applied in roadway improvement projects that are consistent with their physical settings. ...more >
document Making Walking and Cycling Safer, Transportation Quarterly, Vol. 54, No. 3
This document outlines programs in Germany and the Netherlands that have improved mobility through non-motorized modes of transportation. ...more >
document A Method for Estimating Pedestrian Volume for Street Intersections in San Francisco, Department of Geography and Human Environmental Studies - San Francisco State University
This paper presents a model for estimating pedestrian volume in San Francisco, and examines the built environment at multiple geographic scales and included pedestrian activities of all potential trip purposes. ...more >
document Evaluation of Pedestrian Countdown Signals in Montgomery County, Maryland, Transportation Research Board
Pedestrian countdown signals installed at five intersections in Montgomery County, Maryland, were evaluated with a before-and-after study. ...more >
web New York City Department of Transportation: Pedestrians & Sidewalks, New York City Department of Transportation
Provides valuable information about pedestrian services and facilities around New York City. ...more >
document Interim Report to the U.S. Congress on the Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program SAFETEA-LU Section 1807, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This interim report summarizes progress and initial results of the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) and the four pilot communities' participation in the Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program ( ...more >
document International Scan Summary Report on Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety and Mobility, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO), National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP)
This report presents the findings of a team of transportation officials who visited five countries in Europe to identify and assess effective approaches to improve pedestrian and bicyclist safety and mobility. ...more >
document Understanding How the Built Environment Around TTA Stops Affects Ridership, Department of City and Regional Planning, UNC-Chapel Hill
"This study determines the characteristics of urban development that related to Triangle Transit Authority (TTA) bus ridership levels in the Triangle region of North Carolina." ...more >
document Method of Improving Pedestrian Safety Proactively with Geographic Information Systems, Transportation Research Record
"The proactive data integration technique developed in this study was applied to pedestrian safety problems on a college campus, aiding the process of planning and implementing various countermeasures related to education, ...more >
document An accident waiting to happen, Accident Analysis and Prevention
"There are about 75,000 pedestrian crashes in the United States each year. Approximately 5000 of these crashes are fatal, accounting for 12% of all roadway deaths. On college campuses, pedestrian exposure and crash- ...more >
document Forecasting Pedestrian and Bicycle Travel Demands Using Travel Demand Model and Mode Share/Trip Length Data, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
In order to forecast pedestrian and bicycle usage on the Columbia River Crossing project, agencies were able to plan for and accommodate walking and bicycling on the bridge. ...more >
document Shared Space: Safe or Dangerous?,
This paper examines the philosophy of shared space and the effects of its implementation on traffic safety. ...more >
document Sense and Nonsense About Shared Space,
This paper examines the traffic safety improvements and potential conflicts associated with shared space implementation in Germany and the Netherlands. ...more >
document How Far, By Which Route, and Why?, Mineta Transportation Institute
The report examines the distance pedestrians walk to rail transit stations and the environmental factors that influence their route choice. ...more >
document New Zealand Pedestrian Crossing Facility Calculation Tool, Land Transport New Zealand
This tool can be used to calculate delay, safety, and benefit cost for potential pedestrian facilities in New Zealand. ...more >
document New Zealand Non-Motorised User Review Procedures, Land Transport New Zealand
This process ensures that the needs of people who wish to walk, cycle or, where relevant, ride a horse, are considered when works are being planned and designed. ...more >
web New Zealand Community Street Reviews, New Zealand Land Transport
This survey combines an audit process with rating scales that indicate the level of service perceived by the users and the relative importance of fixing the defects identified. ...more >
document Informational Report on Lighting Design for Midblock Crosswalks, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report provides information on lighting parameters and design criteria that should be considered when installing fixed roadway lighting for midblock crosswalks. ...more >
document Accessible Pedestrian Signals: A Guide to Best Practices, National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP)
Provides training information for engineers, orientation and mobility specialists, and signal technicians on when, where, and how to install accessible pedestrian signals (APS). ...more >
document Street Design Guidelines for Healthy Neighborhoods, Walkable Communities, Inc.
Reflecting the current shifts in thinking about neighborhood and street design, these guidelines identify ways to design new neighborhoods that will be more interactive, walkable, enjoyable and livable. ...more >
document The National Bicycling and Walking Study, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report draws upon all of the work completed until 1994 in outlining a plan of action to promote bicycling and walking as viable transportation options for more Americans. ...more >
document Active Transportation for America, Rails to Trails Conservancy
Investment in a more diverse transportation system - one that provides viable choices to walk and bike - will lead to a far more efficient use of transportation resources. ...more >
document The Truth about Lane Widths, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
What if we could narrow the lanes on a roadway without adversely impacting the operations of the roadway? This case study addresses current research on lane widths. ...more >
document Evaluation of Lane Reduction "Road Diet" Measures and Their Effects on Crashes and Injuries, Federal Highway Administration
This study examines the safety benefits of road diets. ...more >
web Institute of Transportation Engineers Traffic Calming Library, Institute of Transportation Engineers, Federal Highway Administration
The Traffic Calming Library contains a searchable database of reports, articles and other documents related to traffic calming. In some cases the full publication is available online and in others only a source listing or abstract is available. ...more >
document Accommodating Pedestrians in Work Zones, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This brochure provides some helpful guidelines that can be used to accommodate pedestrians in work zones. ...more >
document National Bicycling and Walking Study - Ten Year Report, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT)
The US Department of Transportation released this 10-year Status Report to track its progress and activities towards implementing the National Walking and Bicycling Study. ...more >
document Safety Effectiveness of the HAWK Pedestrian Crossing Treatment, Federal Highway Administration
A before-after study of the safety performance of the HAWK was conducted. ...more >
web PEDSAFE: Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System is intended to provide practitioners with the latest information available for improving the safety and mobility of those who walk. The online tools provide the user with a list of possible engineering, ...more >
document Walkability Checklist, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center
Includes questions to evaluate a neighborhood's walkability as well as solutions to a neighborhood's potential problems. ...more >
multimedia GIS Tools for Improving Pedestrian and Bike Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This TechBrief discusses the use of GIS software to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety. ...more >
document Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, Turner Fairbank Highway Safety Research Center
The guidance supplied in this document is based on established U.S. and international practices and is supplemented by recent research. ...more >
document Pedestrian Synthesis Report, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The following document summarizes research on pedestrian safety in the United States with a focus on crash characteristics and the safety effects of various roadway features and traffic-control devices; ...more >
document GIS-Based Crash Referencing and Analysis System, Federal Highway Administration
This paper summarizes efforts to develop a crash referencing and analysis system within GIS. ...more >
document Passive Pedestrian Detection at Unsignalized Crossings, Oregon State University, DKS Associates, Federal Highway Administration
This report discusses a project conducted by the City of Portland to evaluate available sensor technologies for passive pedestrian detection, thedesign of a crossing to utilize these sensor technologies, ...more >
document Ultra-Violet Headlamp Technology for Nighttime Enhancement of Fluorescent Roadway Delineation and Pedestrian Visibility, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, Center for Applied Research, Federal Highway Administration
This study reports on the the first extensive field evaluation of the pedestrian safety benefits provided by UV headlamps. ...more >
web Americans with Disabilities Act and the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities (ADA-ABA), United States Access Board
This document contains scoping and technical requirements for accessibility to sites, facilities, buildings, and elements by individuals with disabilities, particularly as applies to walking surfaces. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicycle Data Collection in United States Communities, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This study presents methods for collection of pedestrian and bicycle data. ...more >
document Designing for Active Transportation, Active Living Research
This research summary gives a synopsis of the current state of peer-reviewed research into what makes a community "walkable" or "bikeable," so people can get physical activity as part of their daily routine - ...more >
document Law Enforcement Pedestrian Safety, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This manual is designed as a resource for police agencies needing to solve unfamiliar traffic safety problems. ...more >
document Guide for the Planning, Design and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities, The American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO)
The purpose of this guide is to provide guidance on the planning, design, and operation of pedestrian facilities along streets and highways. ...more >
document Designing to Reduce Childhood Obesity, Active Living Research
This research summary gives a synopsis of the current state of peer-reviewed research into what environmental factors may be related to young people's eating and physical activity patterns. ...more >
web Ice, snow and slippery sidewalks: For many seniors, winter is "hip season", University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center
This article focuses on hazardous winter walking conditions and the effect they have on the senior population. ...more >
document Guidebook on Methods to Estimate Non-Motorized Travel: Overview of Methods, Federal Highway Administration
This guidebook provides a means for practitioners to better understand and estimate bicycle and pedestrian travel and to address transportation planning needs. The guidebook describes and compares the various methods that can be used to forecast non- ...more >
document Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
The FHWA University Course contains modular resource material that is intended for use in university courses on bicycle and pedestrian transportation. ...more >
document Bicycle and Pedestrian Data: Sources, Needs, & Gaps, USDOT and Bureau of Transportation Statistics
This review of existing data and data needs was based on outreach to user groups that included planners, advocates, and researchers at federal, state, and local government agencies, universities, and nonprofit organizations. ...more >
web National Safety Council Partnership for a Walkable America, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Institute for Transportation Engineers, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
This site provides links to the International Walk to School website, a Walkability Checklist, and the ITE Pedestrian Project Awards. ...more >
web Transportation Research Board, Transportation Research Board
The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to promote innovation and progress in transportation through research. The site provides a wealth of documents online as well as books and journals for sale. ...more >
web Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), Federal Highway Administration
The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) defines the standards used by road managers nationwide to install and maintain traffic control devices on all streets and highways. ...more >
document Characteristics of Emerging Road Users and Their Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This study identifies the operational characteristics of an increasingly diverse group of trail and other nonmotorized transportation users. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety Countermeasure Deployment Project, Federal Highway Administration
In 2002, the Federal Highway Administration awarded grants to the cities of San Francisco, Las Vegas and Miami to examine and map out their pedestrian crashes and develop a plan for deploying and evaluating various pedestrian safety countermeasures in high crash & ...more >
document Characteristics Related to Midblock Pedestrian-Vehicle Crashes and Potential Treatments,
The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of the characteristics of midblock pedestrian crashes for use in determining appropriate safety treatments. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Guidebook on Methods to Estimate Non-Motorized Travel: Supporting Documentation, Federal Highway Administration
This guidebook provides a means for practitioners to better understand and estimate bicycle and pedestrian travel and to address transportation planning needs. Supporting Documentation provides substantially more detail on the methods including purpose, ...more >
web Dutch Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV), Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
SWOV is an independent, scientific institute. SWOV's knowledge is public information and is made available to anyone who wants it, and is professionally involved in traffic and road safety in the Netherlands. ...more >
document Improving Conditions for Bicycling and Walking, Rails to Trails Conservancy, Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This "Best Practices" report provides information on some outstanding pedestrian and bicycle projects that have been recognized for increasing walking and bicycling and improving user safety in communities across the United States. ...more >
document Capacity Analysis of Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities, Federal Highway Administration
This document describes the effects of pedestrians and bicyclists on the capacity of signalized intersections. These procedures augment the existing Highway Capacity Manual signalized intersection Level of Service procedures for locations with substantial pedestrian and/ ...more >
document Public Lighting for Safe and Attractive Pedestrian Areas, NZ Transport Agency
This report adds to the understanding of public lighting for safe and attractive pedestrian areas ...more >
document International Synthesis Report: United Kingdom, Federal Highway Administration
This is a review of recent research on pedestrian safety carried out in the United Kingdom. A comprehensive list of references is provided. The report covers many types of pedestrian facilities, the UK pedestrian safety record, ...more >
document Guidelines and Recommendations to Accommodate Older Drivers and Pedestrians, Federal Highway Administration
This project updated, revised, and expanded the scope of the Older Driver Highway Design Handbook published by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 1998. ...more >
document Sight Line - Designing Streets for People with Low Vision, Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment
A pioneering study that shows how better street design can transform life for people with low vision, helping them to become more confident and more mobile. ...more >
document International Synthesis Report: Canada, Federal Highway Administration
This report summarizes Canadian research on pedestrian safety. ...more >
document International Synthesis Report: Sweden, Federal Highway Administration
This report is a review of recent pedestrian safety research in Sweden (in particular) with some attention to similar research in other Scandinavian countries. ...more >
document Recommended Procedures for Testing and Evaluating Detectable Warning Systems, Transportation Research Board
This report presents a set of recommended test methods for evaluating durability of detectable warning systems. ...more >
document International Synthesis Report: Netherlands, Federal Highway Administration
This report is a review of recent pedestrian safety research in the Netherlands. It addresses several topics, reporting findings and providing a comprehensive list of references. ...more >
document Improving Pedestrian Conditions on a High Traffic Arterial, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
San Francisco's 19th Avenue/Park Presidio Boulevard is a major multi-use transportation corridor with many issues including heavy traffic, difficult pedestrian crossings, and unwelcoming design features. ...more >
document International Synthesis Report: Australia, Federal Highway Administration
This report summarizes Australian research and activities regarding pedestrian safety. ...more >
multimedia An Evaluation of 3D/4D Visualization: North & South Roosevelt Blvds. Key West, Florida, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) & Florida Department of Transportation
This CD-ROM documents the process that is involved in the use of 3D and 4D visualization technologies. ...more >
document Safety Effects of Cross-Section Design on Rural Multilane Highways, Federal Highway Administration
This study examines the effects of various cross-section-related design elements on accident frequency and developed an accident prediction model for rural, multilane, nonfreeway highways. ...more >
document Safe Kids Worldwide Global Road Safety, Safe Kids Worldwide, United Nations
This report provides information on several Safe Kids Worldwide road safety programs in different countries. Summaries describe the particular problem to be treated, the solution, the program used, and outcomes. ...more >
document Phoenix School Safety Program, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Phoenix task force results in successful statewide program for improving pedestrian safety in school zones through education, enforcement, and multiple engineering measures. ...more >
document Elementary School Crosswalk Enhancement Project, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Raised crosswalks, gap-fill sidewalk construction, bollards, and other engineering measures combined with education plaques and brochures to improve pedestrian safety near schools in Bellevue. ...more >
document Synthesis of Active Traffic Management Experiences in Europe and the United States, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report provides a compilation of lessons learned, experiences, operational results, and benefits associated with active traffic management applications. ...more >
multimedia Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT), Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT) is a crash typing software product intended to assist state and local pedestrian/bicycle coordinators, planners and engineers with improving walking and bicycling safety through the development and analysis of a database containing details associated with crashes between motor vehicles and pedestrians or bicyclists. ...more >
document Crosswalk Marking Field Visibility Study, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The objective of this study was to investigate the relative daytime and nighttime visibility of three crosswalk marking patterns: transverse lines, continental, and bar pairs. ...more >
document An Evaluation of Illuminated Pedestrian Push Buttons in Windsor, Ontario, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This paper evaluates illuminated push buttons at four intersections in Windsor, Ontario. The research reported here is part of a larger national effort to evaluate the operational and safety effects of various pedestrian treatments: ...more >
document Pedestrian Crosswalk Case Studies, Highway Safety Administration
The overall objective of the research was to determine the effect of crosswalk markings on driver and pedestrian behavior at unsignalized intersections. ...more >
document Evaluation of Automated Pedestrian Detection at Signalized Intersections, Federal Highway Administration
Automated pedestrian detection systems provide the means to detect the presence of pedestrians as they approach the curb prior to crossing the street, and then "call" the Walk signal without any action required on the part of the pedestrian. ...more >
document Pedestrian Facilities Users Guide, Highway Safety Research Center
This guide provides useful information regarding walkable environments, pedestrian crashes and their countermeasures, and engineering improvements for pedestrians. ...more >
document Effects of Yellow Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacons on Yielding at Multilane Uncontrolled Crosswalks, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This study examined the effects of the RRFB at uncontrolled marked crosswalks. ...more >
document An Evaluation of Technologies for Automated Detection and Classification of Pedestrians and Bicylists, Massachusetts Highway Department & Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The objective of this research was to identify and evaluate existing automated technologies that may accurately and effeciently detect, count, and classify non-motorized modes of transportation (i.e. ...more >
document An Analysis of Factors Contributing to "Walking Along Roadway" Crashes: Research Study and Guidelines for Sidewalks and Walkways, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This study for the Federal Highway Administration was conducted to determine the roadway, traffic, and socio-economic factors related to pedestrian "walking along roadway" crashes involving motor vehicles. ...more >
document Evaluation of HAWK Signal at Georgia Avenue and Hemlock Street, NW in the District of Columbia, District Department of Transportation
A High-intensity Activated crossWalK (HAWK) signal was installed at an intersection in Washington DC to reduce incidences of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts as well as overall crashes involving pedestr ...more >
document Capacity Analysis of Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities, Federal Highway Administration
This document contains both new and revised procedures for analyzing various types of exclusive and mixed-use pedestrian facilities. It also includes a comprehensive set of recommended service measures of effectiveness, ...more >
document Methods of Increasing Pedestrian Safety at Right-Turn-on-Red Intersections (Final Report), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The purpose of this study was to determine current motorist compliance to RTOR regulations, develop and test countermeasures for RTOR pedestrian accidents, and develop guidelines for prohibition of RTOR. ...more >
document Safety Effects of Marked vs Unmarked Crosswalks at Uncontrolled Locations, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of this study was to determine whether marked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations are safer than unmarked crosswalks under various traffic and roadway conditions. Another objective was to providerecommendations on how to provide safer crossings for pedestrians. ...more >
document Evaluation of Safety, Design, and Operation of Shared Use Paths, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of this project was to develop a level of service (LOS) estimation method for shared-use paths that overcomes previous limitations. ...more >
document The Effects of Innovative Pedestrian Signs at Unsignalized Locations: A Tale of Three Treatments, Federal Highway Administration
This paper is part of a national-level research effort to evaluate the operational and safety effects of various pedestrian treatments, and summarizes past research in this field. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety in Native America, Federal Highway Administration
Since American Indians have the highest rates of pedestrian injury and fatality in the country, this study was performed to typify crashes among American Indians in the United States. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety on Rural Highways, Federal Highway Administration
The research described in this paper sought to identify the characteristics of rural pedestrian fatalities in ten states with above-average rates of rural pedestrian fatalities. ...more >
document An Evaluation of High-Visibility Crosswalk Treatment, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The overall objective was to evaluate the effect of a novel illuminated overhead crosswalk sign and high-visibility ladder style crosswalk markings on driver and pedestrian behavior at nonsignalized intersections in Clearwater, ...more >
web Pedsmart, Highway Safety Research Center
Explores the recent developments in hardware and other technologies offering the potential of improving pedestrian safety and access by addressing specific problems associated with crossing the street. ...more >
document Planning Complete Streets for an Aging America, AARP
This report offers refinements to intersection design treatments recommended by the Federal Highway Administration in its Design Handbook for Older Drivers and Pedestrians. ...more >
web Regulatory Negotiation Committee on Accessibility Guidelines for Outdoor Developed Areas, United States Access Board
Evaluates requirements for access to outdoor facilities and those listed under Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG). ...more >
document Local Street Improvements Make Walking Safer and Easier, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Addition of curbs and planting strips make sidewalks safer and more attractive to pedestrians in a low-income Seattle neighborhood. ...more >
document Smart Traffic Signal System, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Installation of smart traffic signal system at busy intersections in Northern Virginia makes crossing safer. ...more >
document Bringing Life to Transportation, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
City of Tucson uses European signal systems -- PELICAN, HAWK, TOCAN, and PUFFIN -- and education program to improve pedestrian safety and fatality rate. ...more >
document Ke Ala Hele Makalae Trail, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
In order to guarantee public access to the coast for current and future residents, private landowners and city officials worked together to develop a multi-use path along Kauai's southeastern shore. ...more >
document A Compendium of Available Bicycle and Pedestrian Trip Generation Data in the United States, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report summarizes the available information on modeling bicycle and pedestrian trip data. ...more >
document Info 2 Share, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Combination of low-cost engineering, education, and high-level enforcement reduce jaywalking and pedestrian fatalities on corridor in New Jersey. ...more >
document Route 71 Pedestrian Tunnel at Monmouth University, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Underpass constructed at a high-volume street at Monmouth University eliminates growing pedestrian-vehicle conflicts. ...more >
document WALKArlington Pedestrian Initiative, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
WALKArlington initiative provides new signs, signals, and Light Emitting Diode (LED) crosswalks in an attempt to increase walking and reduce pedestrian crashes in rapidly urbanizing Arlington County. ...more >
web Complete the Streets, National Complete Streets Coalition
This site contains design guides, training materials, illustrative presentations, susccessful case studies, and further resources on creating complete streets. ...more >
document Accessible Pedestrian Signals: Synthesis and Guide to Best Practice, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
This document provides background information on how pedestrians who are blind or visually impaired cross streets, and how Accessible Pedestrian Signals assist this process. ...more >
document The Effects of Traffic Calming Measures on Pedestrian and Motorist Behavior, Highway Safety Administration
Whereas earlier studies usually focused on vehicle speeds and volumes, this study looked at motorist yielding and pedestrian crossing behavior, in addition to vehicle speeds. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety Planning Group, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Citizen group partners whith government agencies in Bethlehem, NY to improve pedestrian safety through new sidewalks, signs, and institutionalized planning relationship. ...more >
document Irondequoit Lakeside Multi-Use Trail, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Lacking sidewalks through a popular park led to the construction of a new trail that minimized the impact on sensitive wetlands and provided greater transportation alternatives. ...more >
web Design Guidance Accommodating Bicycle and Pedestrian Travel: A Recommended Approach, United States Department of Transportation
This policy statement adopted by the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) offers recommendations to public agencies, professional associations, advocacy groups, and others for integrating bicycling and walking into the transportation mainstream. ...more >
document Camelback Pedestrian Underpass, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Pedestrian underpass with multiple safety features used to connect high-traffic destinations under a six-lane street in Pheonix. ...more >
document Thurston Avenue Bridge Rehabilitation Project, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
The only direct path for vehicular, pedestrian and bicycle traffic traveling between the main residence halls and the central academic campus of Cornell University was congested with high traffic volumes. ...more >
document A Checklist for Accessible Sidewalks and Street Crossings, United States Access Board
ADA checklist for accessible sidewalks and street crossings. ...more >
document Traffic Calming to Enhance Pedestrian Safety, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
New York village uses a roundabout, colored crosswalks, curb extensions, and other treatments to improve pedestrian safety. ...more >
document A Resident's Guide for Creating Safe and Walkable Communities, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Guide includes information, ideas, and resources to help neighborhood residents learn about issues that affect walking conditions; find ways to address or prevent these problems; and promote pedestrian safety. ...more >
web Building a True Community, US Access Board
The following report is a recommendation for a new national set of guidelines that define the details necessary to make the streetscapes in public rights-of-way accessible to all users. ...more >
document Norfolk Pedestrian Safety Initiatives, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Significant population growth in Norfolk requires pedestrian safety measures to accommodate growing and diverse pedestrian population. ...more >
web National Trails Training Partnership (NTTP), National Trails Training Partnership
The National Trails Training Partnership provides technical assistance and resources for trails and greenways. ...more >
document Severance Circle Project, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Shopping mall that is unfriendly to pedestrian and bicycle use is retrofitted with sidewalks, pedestrian activated crossings, bicycle paths, and numerous other safety measures. ...more >
web Detectable Warnings Memorandum and Synthesis, United States Department of Transportaion, Federal Highway Administration
Americans with Disabilities Act Title II Memorandum concerning the use of detectable warnings, specifically truncated domes. ...more >
document Eighth United States-Japan Workshop on Advanced Technology in Highway Engineering, Federal Highway Administration
This report summarizes the 8th U.S.- Japan Workshop on Pedestrian and Nighttime Safety. Focus areas included general trends in the U.S. and Japan, funding, disabled and elderly pedestrians, Geographic Information Systems ( ...more >
document Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities, Transportation Research Board
This report explores concerns over the accessibility of two complex intersection forms for blind pedestrians: intersections with channelized right turn lanes and roundabouts with one-lane and two-lane approaches. ...more >
document Tempe Crosscut Canal Multi-Use Path, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Shared use path in Tempe provides locally relevant public art and creates pedestrian and bicycle connections to neighborhoods and transit. ...more >
document Case Study No. 4: Measures to Overcome Impediments to Bicycling and Walking, Federal Highway Administration
This case study is designed as a resource to assist policymakers, facility planners, and public officials in developing programs to make thses modes more accessible to the general public. Findings are based on a detailed analysis of these relevant written studies, ...more >
document Saranac Lake River Walk, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Pedestrian and environmentally friendly riverwalk in Saranac Lake transforms downtown river into a community asset. ...more >
document Capitol Building Intersection Renovation, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Crosswalk redesign, land reductions, access management, and targeted enforcement used to create a safer pedestrian environment around Tallahassee capitol building. ...more >
document Interstate Interchange Pedestrian Enhancement, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
New sidewalks, fencing, bus shelters, bus turn-outs, and other amenities transform unsafe interstate interchange in Englewood into a pedestrian friendly gateway into the community. ...more >
document Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access Part I, Federal Highway Administration
The guides Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access Parts 1 and 2 provide the state of the art practice for applying the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) and similar requirements to pedestrian facilities. ...more >
document Pulaski County Pedestrian and Bicycle Bridge -- Murray Lock and Dam, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
A pedestrian and bicycle bridge stretches over 4,000 feet in length to connect pedestrian and bicycle trails on the north and south ends of the Arkansas River. ...more >
document Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access Part II, Federal Highway Administration
This guidebook is the second part of a two-phase project focused on designing sidewalks and trails for access. It was created to provide planners, designers, and transportation engineers with a better understanding of how sidewalks and trails should be developed to promote pedestrian access for all users, ...more >
document Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities, Institute of Transportation Engineers
Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities, A Recommended Practice of the Institute of Transportation Engineers is intended to provide guidance on how to implement a comprehensive program of engineering, ...more >
web National Bicycling and Walking Study - Five Year Status Report, United States Department of Transportation
The National Bicycle and Walking Study presents a plan of action for activities at the Federal, State, and local levels for increasing the amount of walking and bicycling in the United States. ...more >
document False Creek Pedestrian and Cyclist Crossings Study, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Vancouver conducts a nonmotorist study of three bridge corridors into its downtown to help adequately plan for growing facility demand for walking and bicycling. ...more >
web Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities; Architectural Barriers Act (ABA) Accessibility Guidelines; Supplementary Material, United States Access Board
This supplementary material provides information on the adoption of enforceable standards based on the guidelines under the ADA and ABA. ...more >
document Transportation Planning Handbook: Chapter 16 - Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, Federal Highway Administration, Institute of Transportation Engineers
This chapter from the Transportation Planning Handbook provides standards for bicycle and pedestrian facilities, including methods to measure bicycle route suitability, travel demand simulations, LOS analysis, ...more >
document Reconfiguration of Thomas Circle, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Thomas Circle was retrofitted from a previous automobile dominated design to one that would preserve its historic character and accommodate pedestrian and bicycle traffic. ...more >
web Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Victoria Transport Policy Institute
The Victoria Transport Policy Institute is an independent research organization dedicated to developing innovative and practical solutions to transportation problems. ...more >
document Identification and Ranking of High Pedestrian Crash Zones for Allocation of Safety Funds, Transportation Research Board
This paper presents 1) a methodology to study the spatial patterns of pedestrian crashes in order to identify high pedestrian crash zones, and 2) an evaluation of methods to rank these high pedestrian crash zones. ...more >
web Metropolitan Transportation Commission Bicycles/Pedestrians, San Fransisco Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission
The San Fransisco Bay Area MTC website offers information on current events, as well as a detailed planning toolbox and an engineering countermeasure database. ...more >
web Florida Department of Transportation Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Program, Florida Department of Transportation
The Florida Pedestrian and Bicycle Program works in many areas to promote safe walking and bicycling in Florida. ...more >
document Case Study No. 11: Balancing Engineering, Education, Law Enforcement, and Encouragement, Federal Highway Administration
This report suggests a four-step process through which a community can implement a comprehensive "4-e" program to encourage non-motorized transportation. It includes suggestions for collecting basic data, ...more >
document A Guide for Reducing Collisions at Signalized Intersections, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Transportation Research Board
This document provides strategies that can be employed to reduce the number of collisions at signalized intersections. ...more >
document Sunnyslope High School Pedestrian Demonstration Project, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Staggered crosswalk, pedestrian and motorist signage, and speed monitors improve pedestrian safety at Phoenix high school. ...more >
document Case Study No. 16: A Study of Bicycle and Pedestrian Programs in European Countries, Federal Highway Administration
Most European nations have embarked on programs to reduce congestion, lower traffic accidents and improve the safety of cyclists and pedestrians. This paper concentrates on the ways bicycle and pedestrian facilities have been improved and cyclists and pedestrians benefited by these practices of & ...more >
document Traffic Control Devices Handbook, Institute of Transportation Engineers
This Handbook bridges the gap between the MUTCD provisions and those decisions to be made in the field on device usage and application. ...more >
document A Guide for Reducing Collisions Involving Pedestrians, National Cooperative Highway Research Program
The National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 500, Volume 10: A Guide for Reducing Collisions Involving Pedestrians provides strategies that can be employed to reduce the number of collisions involving pedestrians. ...more >
document Case Study No. 18: Analyses of Successful Provincial, State, and Local Bicycle and Pedestrian Programs in Canada and the United States, Federal Highway Administration
This report reviews various potential indicators of success demonstrated by different programs to determine how very different bicycle and pedestrian programs can be compared and used as an example or model for other communities. ...more >
document Pedestrian Access to Roundabouts: Assessment of Motorists' Yielding to Visually Impaired Pedestrians and Potential Treatments to Improve Access, Federal Highway Administration
This report describes two related studies intended to address double-lane roundabout accessibility issues for visually impaired pedestrians. ...more >
document Case Study No. 19: Traffic Calming, Auto-Restricted Zones and Other Traffic Management Techniques - Their Effects on Bicycling and Pedestrians, Federal Highway Administration
The body of this report can be divided into three parts. The first two major sections examine the history and traffic-calming techniques installed in Europe, Japan, and the United States. The final section of the report examines the practical and policy implication of traffic calming. ...more >
document Case Study No. 20: The Effects of Environmental Design on the Amount and Type of Bicycling and Walking, Federal Highway Administration
This report focuses on the effects of environmental design on the amount and type of bicylcing and walking in downtown, spcifically. ...more >
document A Toolbox for Alleviating Traffic Congestion and Enhancing Mobility, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE)
This document provides information on reducing congestion. ...more >
document Synthesis of Safety Research Related to Speed and Speed Management, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report presents a synthesis of research findings on the safety effects of speed, speed limits, enforcement, and engineering measures to manage speed. ...more >
document Crash Models for Rural Intersections, Federal Highway Administration
This report describes the collection, analysis, and modeling of crash and roadway data for intersections on rural roads in California and Michigan for the years 1993-1995. ...more >
web Bicycle/Pedestrian Trip Generation Workshop, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This document is a summary of the results of a 1996 FHWA sponsored workshop to discuss trip generation. ...more >
web Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Bureau of Transportation Statistics
This site freely offers extensive data, statistics, and reports concerning transportation in the United States in addition to an online bookstore. ...more >
web Walkable Communities, Inc., Walkable Communities, Inc.
Walkable Communities is dedicated to helping whole communities, whether they are large cities, small towns, or parts of communities,become more walkable and pedestrian friendly. ...more >
document Case Study No. 24: Current Planning Guidelines and Design Standards Being Used by State and Local Agencies for Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, Federal Highway Administration
It is the goal of this case study to define current planning guidelines and design standards that are being used by States and localities fo the development of bicycle and pedestrian facilities, and identify state- ...more >
document Finding Strategies to Improve Pedestrian Safety in Rural Areas, United States Department of Transportation, Connecticut Transportation Institute
The objective of this research is to study the safety of pedestrian crossings in rural areas to discover factors that help explain high rates of collisions involving pedestrians crossing the road. ...more >
document From Targeted "Black Spots" to Area-wide Pedestrian Safety, Injury Prevention
This study describes and illustrates the geographic distribution of pedestrian crash sites in Montreal, Canada with an alternative data source. The full article may be purchased from Injury Prevention, ...more >
document A Compendium of NHTSA's Pedestrian and Bicyclist Traffic Safety Research Projects, 1969-2007, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This compendium describes the pedestrian and bicyclist safety research conducted by the Office of Behavioral Safety Research and its predecessor organizations during the period 1969-2007. ...more >
web Focusing on the Senior Pedestrian, Federal Highway Administration
This short web document addresses the unique difficulties of the senior pedestrian, illustrating with charts and graphs. ...more >
document Evaluation of Pedestrian Data Needs and Collection Efforts, Transportation Research Board, University of Utah Department of Environmental Engineering
This paper discusses the extent to which pedestrian demand, behavior, and facilities data can assist in the study of pedestrian safety issues, reviews data collection strategies, suggests some data collection improvements, ...more >
document Methods of Increasing Pedestrian Safety at Right-Turn-On-Red Intersections (User's Manual), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This study sought to determine current motorist compliance to RTOR regulations, develop and test countermeasures for RTOR pedestrian crashes, and develop improved guidelines for prohibition of RTOR. ...more >
document Investigation of the Impact of Medians on Road Users, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety impact of raised curb medians, two-way left-turn lane medians, and undivided cross sections on vehicular and pedestrian traffic. The study concentrates on medians located on unlimited access arterials in central business districts ( ...more >
web NYU Wagner Rudin Center for Transportation Policy & Management, New York University Wagner Rudin Center for Transportation Policy & Management
This site freely provides all the center's research publications, information on education courses and technical assistance, and updates on news and events. ...more >
document Pedestrian Road Safety Audit Guidelines and Prompt Lists, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Federal Highway Administration guidelines and prompt lists will help familiarize transportation professionals with pedestrian issues and help them identify specific concerns related to pedestrian safety throughout the road safety audit process. ...more >
document Urban Intersection Improvements for Pedestrian Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This report compares five school-pedestrian crossing designs with their fully signalized control sites discussing their relative advantages and disadvantages. Further comparisons were made between the various alternatives. ...more >
web Rutgers Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center, The State University of New Jersey at Rutgers
The Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center (VTC) at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, is a national leader in the research and development of innovative transportation policy. ...more >
document Can New Urbanism Encourage Physical Activity?, Journal of the American Planning Association
This study compared various measures of physical activity for residents of a new urbanist neighborhood to those for a group of conventional suburban neighborhoods in central North Carolina. The full article may be purchased from the Journal of the American Planning Association or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
web Texas Transportation Institute, Texas Transportation Institute
This site provides a searchable database of the institute's numerous research reports. ...more >
document Destination Doylestown Bike & Hike Path, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Shared use path in Doylestown combines with traffic calming measures to provide safer pedestrian and bicycle access to multiple neighborhoods. ...more >
web University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, Federal Highway Administration
This state research center provides road safety information, research publication, news, and additional resources. ...more >
document Factors Influencing Injury Severity of Motor Vehicle-Crossing Pedestrian Crashes in Rural Connecticut., Accident Analysis & Prevention, Elsevier Science Ltd.
The ordered probit model was used to evaluate the effect of roadway and area type features on injury severity of pedestrian crashes in rural Connecticut. The full text can be purchased through ScienceDirect, ...more >
document Urban Intersection Improvements for Pedestrian Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This report summarizes that protion of the research dealing with pedestrian signal displays and operation which was completed in Phase II of the three-phase project on urban intersection improvements for pedestrian safety. ...more >
document The Padden Parkway Pedestrian/Bicycle Bridge, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Shared use overpass installed over a major parkway in Clark County increases neighborhood connectivity and provides safe crossing for pedestrians and bicyclists. ...more >
web Easter Seals Project Action, Easter Seals Project Action, Federal Transit Administration
Easter Seals Project ACTION promotes cooperation between the transportation industry and the disability community to increase mobility for people with disabilities under the ADA and beyond. It offers a research clearinghouse, ...more >
document New Jersey Governor's Pedestrian Safety Initiative, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
The governor of New Jersey starts a Pedestrian Safety Initiative to reduce teh number of pedestrian fatalities across the state. ...more >
document Urban Intersection Improvements for Pedestrian Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This report summarizes research completed in the first phase of a three-phase project. This phase was directed at identifying and defining the safety and operational problems associated with the interaction of pedestrians and vehicles at intersections. ...more >
document Linear Shared Use Path, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
The linear shared use path in Piqua spans more than 10 miles and provides additional pedestrian and bicycle facilities through the use of old railroad right-of-way. ...more >
document Flexibility in Highway Design, Federal Highway Administration
Presents methods of designing facilities that are sensitive to the surrounding environment that still meet accepted design guidelines. ...more >
document Pedestrian Crosswalk Safety: Evaluating In-Pavement, Flashing Warning Lights, Federal Highway Administration, New Jersey Department of Transportation
This report describes work undertaken to determine the effect of an in-pavement flashing warning light system installed on a crosswalk on pedestrian safety, relative to striping. ...more >
document Urban Intersection Improvements for Pedestrian Safety, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of the study of Urban Intersection Improvements for Pedestrian Safety was to identify problems associated with pedestrian-vehicle interactions at intersections, develop countermeasure concepts that would reduce these problems, ...more >
document Geometric Design Practices for European Roads, International Technology Exchange Program, Federal Highway Administration
Presents examples of European design practice and operations. ...more >
document Urban Intersection Improvements for Pedestrian Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This report presents the final results of the signal timing element fo the FHWA research project "Urban Intersection Improvements for Pedestrian Safety." The report discusses the research which was conducted, ...more >
document Sidewalk Improvements in the Downtown Area, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Major sidewalk reconstruction and streetscape program transforms unattractive historic downtown area into a safer and more welcoming pedestrian environment. ...more >
document Accessible Sidewalks and Street Crossings, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The intent of this guide is to focus on some of the emerging accessibility issues and the design parameters that affect sidewalk and street crossing design and operation. ...more >
document Model Pedestrian Safety Program, Federal Highway Administration
This Guide describes how localities can plan, imnplement, and evaluate a pedestrian safety program. A six-step Model Pedestrian Safety Program is described. ...more >
document Rails with Trails: Lessons Learned, Federal Highway Administration
A research report about trails located near railroad and transit rights-of-way. ...more >
document Model Pedestrian Safety Program, Federal Highway Administration
This Supplement to the Model Pedestrian Safety Program User's Guide provides detailed information on specific pedestrian safety countermeasures. ...more >
document A Review of the Impacts of the Towaway Reporting Threshold on a Highway Safety Program, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This study reviews the potential impacts of a towaway reporting threshold on the North Carolina Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) listings and on the locations and types of crash patterns identified on collision diagrams by field engineers. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety and Mobility Aids for Crossings at Bus Stops, New Jersey Department of Transportation, The Federal Highway Administration
This paper describes a project initiated by the New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) and New Jersey Transit Corporation (NJ TRANSIT) to investigate solutions poor mid-block crossings that would benefit pedestrians and encourage mass transit ridership. ...more >
document Conflicts on Multiple Use Trails, Federal Highway Administration
Presents a series of principles for more effective operations of multi use trails. ...more >
document El Cajon's Road Diet, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Suburban development and increased traffic diminished Main Street's appeal to pedestrians. However, the use of a road diet and addition of new shops led to the revitalization of downtown. ...more >
document Older Pedestrian Characteristics for Use in Highway Design, Federal Highway Administration
The objective of this project was to develop traffic planning and engineering guidelines for the design of pedestrian facilities that are sensitive to the needs of older pedestrians. ...more >
web Traffic Calming: State of the Practice, Federal Highway Administration, Institute of Transportation Engineers
Summarizes the various methods used to either slow or divert motor vehicle traffic. ...more >
document Effective Treatments of Over and Undercrossings for Use by Bicyclists, Pedestrians, and the Handicapped, Federal Highway Administration
This study provides information about over and undercrossings directed toward planners, designers, and decision makers who are trying to best serve the needs of bicyclists, pedestrians, and the handicapped, ...more >
document Traffic Operations Control for Older Drivers and Pedestrians, Federal Highway Administration
Offers guidelines on roadway and traffic control device use by older drivers and pedestrians. ...more >
document The Feasibility of Accommodating Physically Handicapped Individuals on Pedestrian Over and Undercrossing Structures, Federal Highway Administration
This report describes the evalutation of a sampling of over- and undercrossing structures to identify major and minor access barriers for the physically handicapped. ...more >
document An Investigation of the Potential for Pathways Shared by Pedestrians and Bicyclists, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report provides level of service and volume measurements in addition to measurements of conflict potential in order to determine the potential for shared pathways for bicyclists and pedestrians. ...more >
web Seeing Crosswalks in a New Light: In-Roadway Warning Lighting Research, Federal Highway Administration, Public Roads
FHWA tested in-pavement flashing warning lights at a pedestrian crossing in a Virginia community. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety Guide for Transit Agencies, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This guide is intended for transit agency staff looking to improve pedestrian safety and access near transit stations, bus stops, and other transit locations. ...more >
document City of Boulder Crosswalk Compliance Studies & Treatment Implementation, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
The City of Boulder conducts a crosswalk compliance study to determine the effectiveness of five different alternative treatments, and encourage walking. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety Prediction Methodology for Urban Signalized Intersections, Transportation Research Board
The objective of this research was to develop a methodology for quantifying the pedestrian safety effects related to existing site characteristics and/or proposed improvements on urban and suburban arterials. ...more >
document Innovative Traffic Control: Technology and Practice in Europe, International Technology Exchange Program, Federal Highway Administration
Presents the state of the art of emerging technologies for traffic control devices. ...more >
web Traffic Safety Digest, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This page highlights case studies of pedestrian and bicycle safety projects around the United States, dating between 1996 and 2003. ...more >
web Pedestrian Forum newsletter, Federal Highway Administration
A quarterly newsletter focusing on topics on how to improve conditions for bicycling and walking and to make them safer ways to travel. ...more >
document Toolbox of Countermeasures and Their Potential Effectiveness for Pedestrian Crashes, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This issue brief documents estimates of the crash reduction that might be expected if a specific countermeasure or group of countermeasures is implemented with respect to pedestrian crashes. The crash reduction estimates are presented as Crash Reduction Factors ( ...more >
web Tool Kit for Integrating Land Use and Transportation Decision-Making, Federal Highway Administration
The objective of this tool kit is to provide a user-friendly, web-based source of methods, strategies, and procedures for integrating land use and transportation planning, decision-making, and project implementation. ...more >
document Making Cycling Irresistible: Lessons from the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany,
With the combination of aggregate data and case studies this paper shows how the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany have made bicycling safe anc convenient in their small and large cities. ...more >
document Pedestrian Signal Safety for Older Persons, AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety
The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety report, Pedestrian Signal Safety for Older Persons, states that in the jurisdictions studied, pedestrian signals timed to accommodate walking speeds of 4 feet per second would not accommodate an older pedestrian walking at the 15th percentile speed for older pedestrians. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety and Mobility in Europe, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The purpose of the 2009 international scanning study was to identify and assess effective approaches to improve pedestrian and bicyclist safety and mobility. ...more >
document Evaluation of the Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacon at a Pinellas Trail Crossing in St. Petersburg, Florida, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, FDOT
This report is an evaluation of the installation of the rectangualr rapid flash beacon (RRFB) where the Pinellas Trail crosses 22nd Avenue N in St. Petersburg, Florida. ...more >
document Intermodal Transportation Planning and Development: A Closer Look at Linking Transit to Bicycling and Walking, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Using bike facility construction, regional collaboration, and encouragement, Tucson enhanced accessibility and improved intermodal connections. ...more >
web Surface Transportation Policy Project, Surface Transportation Policy Project
The Surface Transportation Policy Project is a diverse, nationwide coalition working to ensure safer communities and smarter transportation choices that enhance the economy, improve public health, promote social equity, ...more >
document Safety Effects of the Conversion of Rural Two-Lane Roadways to Four-Lane Roadways, Federal Highway Administration
This study develops an initial estimate of the safety effects of conversion of typical sections of two- to four-lane roads and predicts whether such effects would be similar across multiple States. ...more >
document Countermeasures That Work, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC)
This report explores highway safety strategies and countermeasures relevant to State Highway Safety Offices; summarizes their use, effectiveness, costs, and implementation; and provides references to research summaries and individual studies. ...more >
document Safety Effects of Using Narrow Lanes and Shoulder-Use Lanes to Increase the Capacity of Urban Freeways, Federal Highway Administration
This study analyzes the safety effects of using narrower lanes to increase the number of travel lanes in urban freeways. ...more >
document An Evaluation of Red Shoulders as a Bicycle and Pedestrian Facility, Highway Safety Research Center, Florida Department of Transportation
This study evaluates the effectiveness of red shoulder treatment on one neighborhood road in Lake County, Florida. ...more >
document Anthem Park Development, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Vancouver Housing Authority redevelops abandoned high school to connect senior community with Main Street through pedestrian-friendly measures. ...more >
document The Effects of NO TURN ON RED / YIELD TO PEDS Variable Message Signs on Motorist and Pedestrian Behavior, Highway Safety Research Center, Florida Department of Transportation
This report evaluates the effects of variable message signs in Orlando, Florida, on motorist and pedestrian behavior. ...more >
document A Partnership for Pedestrian Safety, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Eagle County works cooperatively with the Colorado DOT to redesign a major intersection to improve pedestrian safety while improving traffic flow as well. ...more >
document Quantifying Countermeasure Effectiveness, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
By analyzing pedestrian and bicyclist crash data, Metropolitan Orlando gained an understanding of safety needs and made countermeasure recommendations to correct them. ...more >
document Access and Mobility Design Policy for Disabled Pedestrians at Road Crossings, Transportation Research Board
This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. In this article, issues affecting design policies for highways and streets are explored in terms of functional capabilities of disabled and encumbered pedestrians. ...more >
document Accessible Pedestrian Signals: Effects on Safety and Independence of Pedestrians Who Are Blind, Transportation Research Board
Presents research on street crossings by [visually impaired] pedestrians, before and after the installation of accessible pedestrian signals (APS). This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Evaluation of Lane Reduction "Road Diet" Measures on Crashes, Highway Safety Information System (HSIS)
The objective of this reanalysis was to estimate the change in total crashes resulting from the conversions in two databases and to combine these estimates into a crash modification factor(CMF). ...more >
document Pedestrians and Bicycles, Transportation Research Board
This Transportation Research Record contains 24 papers on the subject of pedestrians and bicycles. It can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document Pedestrian Signalization Alternatives, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of this study was to determine the operational and safety effects of various pedestrian signalization alternatives. An analysis was conducted of pedestrian accidents, traffic and pedestrian volumes, ...more >
document Planning, Design, and Maintenance of Pedestrian Facilities, Federal Highway Administration
This handbook consolidates the current state-of-the-art pertaining to pedestrian facilities. ...more >
document Evaluation Method for Sidewalk Unevenness Based on Wheelchair Traveling Resistance, Transportation Research Board
This paper analyzes the longitudinal profile of sidewalks in service and torque data on traveling wheelchairs toward proposing a method for evaluating the surface unevenness of sidewalks based on the travel resistance imposed on wheelchairs. ...more >
document Experiments and Theory of Self-Organization in Pedestrian Flow, Transportation Research Board
In this paper, [the authors] put forward a theory of selforganization, as well as results from experimental research that provides more insight into these spatial-temporal phenomena. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Evaluation of the Miami-Dade Pedestrian Safety Demonstration Project, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success of a comprehensive pedestrian safety program in reducing pedestrian crashes in Miami-Dade County, Florida. ...more >
document A Pedestrian Planning Procedures Manual, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Manual identifies the significant data, procedures, and criteria that should be considered in the planning and evaluation of both comprehensive pedestrian systems and individual facilities. ...more >
document Free Speed Distributions for Pedestrian Traffic, Transportation Research Board
This paper presents a new method to estimate free speed distributions for pedestrian flows. This resource may also be purchased through the Transportation Research Board. ...more >
document From TIGER to Audit Instruments: Using GIS-Based Street Data to Measure Neighborhood Walkability, Transportation Research Board
This paper explores how the path network around key urban destinations can be visually and quantitatively analyzed. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety Programs: A Review of the Literature and Operational Experience, Federal Highway Administration
The objective of the research effort was to develop an empirically and experiencially based model pedestrian safety program which cities can use as guidelines for pedestrian safety program planning, ...more >
document Pedestrian Trip Making Characteristics and Exposure Measures, Federal Highway Administration
The objectives of this projects were to identify specific pedestrian trip making characteristics, develop pedestrian exposure measures, and to examine these results relative to accident information in order to determine the relative hazardousness of various pedestrian characteristics and behaviors. ...more >
document Identifying and Measuring Urban Design Qualities Related to Walkability, Journal of Physical Activity and Health
This project has developed operational definitions and measurement protocols for subtler urban design qualities believed to be related to walkability. ...more >
document Development of Boulder's Multimodal System, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Boulder has leveraged natural advantages with a significant commitment, well-designed plans, and resourceful follow-through to build a multimodal system and institutionalize the accommodation of bicycling and walking on many levels. ...more >
web Comprehensive Intersection Resource Library, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
Resources included in this library represent a broad cross section of publications, educational materials and other media published by the Federal Highway Administration and other transportation safety partners. ...more >
document Space Syntax: An Innovative Pedestrian Volume Modeling Tool for Pedestrian Safety, UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center
This paper describes an innovative pedestrian modeling technique known as Space Syntax, which was used to create estimates of pedestrian volumes for the city of Oakland, California. ...more >
document Index for Assessing Pedestrian Safety at Intersections, Transportation Research Board
This study attempts to develop a safety index that will allow engineers, planners, and other practitioners to prioritize intersection crosswalks with respect to pedestrian safety. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document A Guide to Best Practices for Achieving Context Sensitive Solutions, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies
This guide demonstrates how state departments of transportation (DOTs) and other transportation agencies can incorporate context sensitivity into their transportation project development work. ...more >
document Micro-Simulated Comparisons of Alternative Signalized Pedestrian Crossings, Transportation Research Board
The objective is to study how changing the crossing type affects various measures of effectiveness for both vehicles and pedestrians. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Accessibility Guidebook for Outdoor Recreation and Trails, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), United States Forest Service (USFS)
This guidebook is intended to help designers and recreation professionals apply the Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines (FSORAG) and Forest Service Trail Accessibility Guidelines ( ...more >
document Modeling Pedestrian Trip Generation in Urban Areas, Transportation Research Board
This study investigates factors that can be used to quantify peak hour daily pedestrian trips in urban areas to help estimate pedestrian trips. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Shared-Use Path Level of Service Calculator, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of this project was to develop a level of service (LOS) estimation method for shared-use paths that overcomes previous limitations. ...more >
document National Survey of Bicyclist and Pedestrian Attitudes and Behavior, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This report provides a top line summary of key data results regarding the behaviors and attitudes on various topics related to walking and bicycling. ...more >
document Motorist Yielding to Pedestrians at Unsignalized Intersections, Transportation Research Board
This paper describes the evaluation of engineering treatments that can be used to improve the safety of pedestrians crossing in marked crosswalks on busy arterial streets. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document A Walkable Community Brochure, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This brochure is intended for safety practitioners, advocates, and other special road users who want to create "walkable/bikable" communities. ...more >
document National Survey of Bicyclist and Pedestrian Attitudes and Behavior, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
This report provides a detailed analysis of behaviors and attitudes on various topics related to walking and bicycling. ...more >
document National Survey of Bicyclist and Pedestrian Attitudes and Behavior, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
This report describes the methods used to conduct the interviews and analyze the data from the National Survey. ...more >
document Observational Analysis of Pedestrian, Bicyclist, and Motorist Behaviors at Roundabouts in the United States, Transportation Research Board
This paper focused on analyzing the interactions between motorists and pedestrians or bicyclists at roundabouts. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document Driver Attitudes and Behaviors at Intersections and Potential Effectiveness of Engineering Countermeasures, Battelle Human Factors Transportation Center, Federal Highway Administration
The objective of this focus group study was to identify driver attitudes and behaviors related to intersection safety and to assess the likely impacts of new or existing infrastructure-based technologies/ ...more >
document Pedestrian Conspicuity at Night: How Much Biological Motion is Enough?, Transportation Research Board
This paper describes how inadequate conspicuity has been shown to be a key causal factor in nighttime vehicle-pedestrian collisions. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Guide for Curing of Portland Cement Concrete Pavements, Federal Highway Administration
This document provides guidance on details of concrete curing practice as they pertain to construction of portland cement concrete pavements. ...more >
document Highway Design Handbook for Older Drivers and Pedestrians, Federal Highway Administration
This project updated, revised, and expanded the scope of the Older Driver Highway Design Handbook published by FHWA in 1998. ...more >
web Turner Fairbank Highway Safety Research Center Library, Turner Fairbank Highway Safety Research Center
This page contains links to all the publications and research material developed by the Turner Fairbank Highway Safety Research Center. ...more >
document Bicycle and Pedestrian Travel Demand Forcasting, Texas Transportation Institute, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report summarizes data collection activities performed at eight different sites in Texas urban areas. ...more >
document The Effect of Crosswalk Markings on Vehicle Speeds in Maryland, Virginia, and Arizona, Federal Highway Administration
This study examines the effect of pavement markings on pedestrian safety at six sites in three states. ...more >
document How to Develop a Pedestrian Safety Action Plan, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
How to Develop a Pedestrian Safety Action Plan offers guidance that can help municipalities determine and solve their pedestrian safety concerns, from identifying pedestrian safety problems to obtaining funding and enacting change. ...more >
document Changing Directions: Federal Transportation Spending in the 1990s, Surface Transportation Policy Project
In this report, the Surface Transportation Policy Project analyzes ten years of data from the U.S. Department of Transportation's Fiscal Management Information System as well as reports from the Federal Transit Administration that track how the states have spent federal transportation dollars. ...more >
web Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Federal Highway Administration
The Federal Highway Administration website provides information on a wide variety of policy documents and national statistics. ...more >
web FHWA Bicycle and Pedestrian Program, Federal Highway Administration
The Bicycle & Pedestrian Program website presents information on funding, legislation, and design standards. It also provides federal publications related to pedestrian and bicycle issues. ...more >
document New York City Complete Streets Design Guidance, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
The development of complete streets design guidelines in New York City. ...more >
web Turner Fairbank: Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, Federal Highway Administration
The Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Research Web site provides information on issues and research related to improving pedestrian and bicyclist (pedalcyclist) safety. ...more >
document FHWA Office of Highway Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This site contains information aboutpolicy, facts and statistics, design guidelines, crash analysis, safety education, and more concerning both pedestrians and bicyclists. ...more >
document Pedestrian Volume Modeling for Traffic Safety and Exposure Analysis, UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center
This paper examines three types of pedestrian volume models in light of their usefulness for estimating pedestrian exposure for pedestrian safety research. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicyclist Intersection Safety Indices, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The primary objective of this study was to develop safety indices to allow engineers, planners, and other practitioners to proactively prioritize intersection crosswalks and intersection approaches with respect to pedestrian and bicycle safety. ...more >
document Quantitative Measurement Procedures for Pedestrian Service at Signalized Intersections, Transportation Research Board
This paper presents a case study evaluating pedestrian service based on three discrete pedestrian crossing outcomes: non-conflicting, compromised, and failed. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Recommended Walking Speeds for Pedestrian Clearance Timing Base on Pedestrian Characteristics, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Data from 1,947 pedestrian crossing events measured at eleven intersections in Madison and Milwaukee, Wisconsin were analyzed to determine the effect of subject age and disability, intersection traffic control condition, ...more >
document Design Speed, Operating Speed, and Posted Speed Practices, National Cooperative Highway Research Program
This report discusses the criteria used to evaluate highway and street designs, including the presence of bicycle and pedestrian traffic ...more >
document Street Crossing Issues for Persons With Cognitive Disabilities, Delaware County, Pennsylvania; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority
This paper discusses issues and skills affecting safe crossing by persons with cognitive disabilities, and calls for research to identify design features, signalization and technologies that can enable users with cognitive disabilities to cross safely. ...more >
web Office of Highway Safety Pedestrian/Bicyclist Safety Program, Federal Highway Administration Office of Safety
This site is designed to make it easier for the pedestrian safety practitioner and advocate to locate and acquire the most appropriate resources to meet their particular planning, design, and operation needs for pedestrian facilities. ...more >
document Corridor Traffic Calming, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Community members initiate a negotiation process with local officials to decrease speeding in their neighborhoods and improve the pedestrian environment. ...more >
document Variation of Walking Speeds on a Unidirectional Walkway and on a Bidirectional Stairway, Transportation Research Board
This paper describes a study of walking speed reliability under uni-directional and bidirectional pedestrian flow conditions within Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway stations. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Engineering Solutions to Pedestrian Safety, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
Cambridge develops a pedestrian plan and increases sidewalk maintenance enforcement to improve its pedestrian environment. ...more >
web Transportation Research Information Services (TRIS) National Transportation Library, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies
This online research database offers the option to search all documents classified under pedestrian, bicycles, or both. ...more >
document Walking in Waikiki: Measuring the Impact of Street Performers on Pedestrian Level-of-Service in an Urban Resort District, Transportation Research Board
The purpose of this study is to examine pedestrian conditions in Waikiki, the most urbanized area in Honolulu. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document Effects of Individualized Feedback on Car Drivers' Speed at Pedestrians Crossings,
Investigation of the effects of a device which has been developed to mitigate risk of pedestrians during street crossing decreasing of car speeds and facilitating attention to vulnerable road users. ...more >
document Effects of a Towaway Reporting Threshold on Crash Analysis Results, Federal Highway Administration
This paper attempts to quantify the expected effects on data analysis capabilities when different crash reporting thresholds are altered. ...more >
web United States Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board (Access Board), United States Access Board
The Access Board is an independent Federal agency devoted to accessibility for people with disabilities. ...more >
web Pedestrian Safety Handbook, American Council of the Blind
American Council for the Blind's handbook for improving the pedestrian environment that focuses on guaranteeing people who are blind or visually impaired access to intersection identification and traffic control information. ...more >
web U. S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), U. S. Department of Transportation
This site provides information on policies, regulations, research, grants, and more. ...more >
document Pedestrian Behavior and Perception in Urban Walking Environments, Journal of Planning Literature
This report looks at how pedestrians will respond to characteristics of the environment as they formulate and enact their walking itineraries. This resource can be purchased through the Sage Journals Online. ...more >
web American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
AASHTO's primary goal is to foster the development, operation, and maintenance of an integrated national transportation system. The site offers and extensive online bookstore. ...more >
document Enhancing America's Communities, National Transportation Enhancements Clearinghouse
This guide, in its second edition, is a road map for navigating your way through the transportation enhancement process. ...more >
web American Public Works Association, American Public Works Association
The American Public Works Association is an international educational and professional association of public agencies, private sector companies, and individuals dedicated to providing high quality public works goods and services. ...more >
web Selecting Pedestrian Safety Improvements, Federal Highway Administration
The Crash Group/General Countermeasure Matrix identifies potential solutions for use by safety practitioners. ...more >
web American Traffic Safety Services Association, The American Traffic Safety Services Association
ATSSA's core purpose is to advance roadway safety. The site offers services and information for traffic safety product companies, including training and certification. ...more >
document Flexible Design of New Jersey's Main Streets, The New Jersey Department of Transportation
This research finds a burgeoning national movement away from strict reliance on highway design templates and toward flexible highway design, especially in the Northeastern and Northwestern United States. ...more >
web Data Collection and Analysis for Communities, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
This report describes how communities can collect data about bicycle and pedestrian facilities, and includes case studies from 27 communities. Future publications will include a recommended practices guide, ...more >
document Getting to Smart Growth II: 100 More Policies for Implementation, International City/County Management Association
This is the second part of the "Getting to Smart Growth" guide. ...more >
document Guidelines for Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities in Texas, Texas Transportation Institute, Texas Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
An overview of the process for planning various types of bicycle and pedestrian projects is provided. ...more >
document Getting to Smart Growth: 100 More Policies for Implementation, International City/County Management Association
This guide is the fourth primer in a series written and distributed by the International City/County Management Association (ICMA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Smart Growth Network. ...more >
document Cómo Alcanzar el Desarrollo Inteligente: 100 Políticas Para Su Implementación, International City/County Management Association
This Spanish-language guide is the fourth primer in a series created to introduce communities to the benefits of "smart growth." ...more >
document Cómo Alcanzar el Desarrollo Inteligente, II: 100 Políticas Adicionales Para Su Implementación, International City/County Management Association
This is the Spanish-language version of the second part of the "Getting to Smart Growth" guide. ...more >
document Walkable Communities: Twelve Steps for an Effective Program, Florida Department of Transportation
This document provides a 12 step program for community members to help create a walkable community in which to live. ...more >
web Florida Pedestrian and Bicycle Research Reports, Florida Department of Transportation
The Florida Department of Transportation conducts research on issues related to pedestrians and bicycles. Go to this section of the Department website to download some of the available reports (in pdf format) ...more >
document Pedestrian Planning and Design Guidelines, New Jersey Department of Transportation
This guide discusses the importance of sidewalks in pedestrian mobility and safety. It defines appropriate facilities and design criteria to accomodate and foster pedestrian movement. ...more >
multimedia What is Traffic Calming?, Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission
This image-rich PowerPoint presentation gives a short history of the pedestrian in transportation planning, and illustrates different traffic calming strategies used in various communities. ...more >
web Hard Lessons: Causes and Consequences of Michigan's School Construction Boom, Michigan Land Use Institute
The Michigan Land Use Institute published this report to detail the problem and expose the challenges of managing growth and design. ...more >
document An Easy to Compute Index for Identifying Built Environments That Support Walking, The Planning and Physical Activity Project at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and the University of Maryland at College Park
This paper builds on prior practical and research applications of ... environmental scores or indices by proposing and testing a built environment index (BEI) calculated at the traffic analysis zone and that relies predominantly on widely available data. ...more >
document Special Report: Accessible Public Rights-of-Way Planning and Design for Alterations, Public Rights-of-Way Access Advisory Committee
This technical assistance publication has been developed to provide guidance in the planning and design of pedestrian improvements constructed as part of an alteration project. ...more >
web Danish Road Directorate, Danish Ministry of Transport and Energy
The mission of the Danish Road Directorate is to manage the national roads, which carry almost 30 % of the total transport volume in Denmark. The site contains crash statistics, training information, ...more >
web Transportation Association of Canada, Transportation Association of Canada
The Transportation Association of Canada is a national association with a mission to promote the provision of safe, secure, efficient, effective and environmentally and financially sustainable transportation services in support of Canada' ...more >
web Bicycle / Pedestrian Safety Toolbox: Roadway Lighting Improvements, Metropolitan Transportation Commission
This document describes ways to enhance security and pedestrian safety and comfort with roadway lighting improvements. For each pedestrian or bicycle safety tool, the site explains its function, objective, ...more >
web Institute of Transportation Engineers, Institute of Transportation Engineers
The Institute of Transportation Engineers is an international educational and scientific association of transportation professionals who are responsible for meeting mobility and safety needs. ...more >
web Bicycle / Pedestrian Safety Toolbox: Pedestrian Pushbutton Treatments, San Francisco Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission
This document discusses traffic control devices to facilitate safe pedestrian crossings. For each tool, the site explains objectives, applications, target popluation, advantages, disadvantages, crash type, ...more >
document Keeping Children Safe in Traffic, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Report by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development draws on best practices and research results to show how child casualties can be reduced. Free executive summary. $45 for full report. ...more >
document Home Zone Concepts and New Jersey, Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center at Rutgers University
This report probes the potential for the application of the Dutch concept of woonerf, or Home Zone, for the United States, and particularly New Jersey. ...more >
document The Feasibility of Protecting Pedestrians Adjacent to Roadways, Bureau of Operations Research, New Jersey Department of Transportation
This paper discusses the role of certain protective devices for separating pedestrians and vehicles along roadways. ...more >
web Sustainable Highways Self-Evaluation Tool, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), US Department of Transportation
This tool identifies characteristics of sustainable highways and provides techniques to help organizations apply sustainability best practices into roadway projects within system planning, project development, ...more >
document Cycling for a Few or for Everyone, World Transport Policy and Practice, Vol. 15, No. 1
This article reports empirical evidence that multi-faceted strategies (education, enforcement, and provision of facilities) are more effective in increasing cycling safety and raising overall cycling levels. ...more >
document Field Evaluation of Experimental "In-Street" Yield to Pedestrian Signs in Madison, Wisconsin, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of a "Yield To Pedestrians" sign in increasing driver compliance with Wisconsin's pedestrian rights laws. ...more >
web Bicycle/Pedestrian Safety Toolbox: Accessible Pedestrian Signals, San Francisco Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission
This document describes accessible pedestrian signals (ASPs), which supplement pedestrian signal indications with audible and/or vibrotactile information. For each pedestrian or bicycle safety tool, ...more >
web Community Toolbox, The National Park Service
The National Park Service's Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance (RTCA) program helps communities work together to improve their special places. They've produced the Community Toolbox, a set of techniques for project development and community participation. ...more >
web Roadway Connectivity, Victoria Transport Policy Institute
This chapter describes how improved roadway connectivity can reduce vehicle travel. The document details how to implementation connected streets and lists benefits, costs, case studies, and their impacts on travel and equity. ...more >
document Sacramento, CA: Pedestrian Safety Guidelines, City of Sacramento
These guidelines focus on street crossing treatments at controlled and uncontrolled intersections, discussing tools such as pavement marking and signal options and giving attention to roadway design. ...more >
document Impact of Pedestrian Presence on Movement of Left-Turning Vehicles, UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center
This report discusses pedestrian-detection mechanisms that may be useful in intersection warning systems with thresholds for warnings that are adjusted for pedestrians when they are present or in the vicinity of the destination crosswalk. ...more >
document Kirkland's Experience with In-Pavement Flashing Lights at Crosswalks, City of Kirkland
This paper describes Kirkland's experience with flashing crosswalks, including how the system works and how it is installed, effectiveness, response from the public and application criteria. ...more >
document An Evaluation of Flashing Crosswalks in Gainesville and Lakeland, Florida Department of Transportation
This report describes evaluations of flashing crosswalks in Gainesville and Lakeland ...more >
document The Effects of Pedestrian Countdown Signals in Lake Buena Vista, Florida Department of Transportation
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of countdown signals at intersections in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. ...more >
document Blind Pedestrians at Unfamiliar Signalized Intersections, Transportation Research Board
This paper presents the results of part of the first phase of a study of crossings by pedestrians who are blind at unfamiliar complex signalized intersections. ...more >
web Streets in America Are Unsafe and Unforgiving For Kids, Federal Highway Administration
Article by Pedestrian Safety Roadshow: Speeding cars, children darting into traffic, and streets without sidewalks place youth at risk on America's roads ...more >
document The Epidemic of Pediatric Traffic Injuries in South Florida, American Journal of Public Health
The purpose of this study is to outline the distribution, determinants, and effects of pediatric pedestrian trauma (PPT) in our community. ...more >
document A Matched Case-Control Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of Speed Humps in Reducing Child Pedestrian Injuries, American Journal of Public Health
A matched case-control study among Oakland residents younger than 15 years who had been hospitalized after being struck and injured by an automobile on a residential street. ...more >
web Bicycle / Pedestrian Safety Toolbox: Countdown Signals, San Francisco Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission
This resource descibes the use of devises that inform pedestrians about how much time is left to cross the street at signalized intersections. For each tool, the site describes the objective, applications, ...more >
document The Influence of Signs Prompting Motorists to Yield Before Marked Crosswalks on Motor Vehicle-Pedestrian Conflicts at Crosswalks with Flashing Amber, Accident, Analysis, & Prevention
The effects of signs reading "STOP HERE FOR PEDESTRIANS" alone and in conjunction with advance stop lines on pedestrian safety at multilane crosswalks with pedestrian-activated amber flashing lights. ...more >
document Pedestrian Accidents in Marked and Unmarked Crosswalks, Institute of Transportation Engineers
The main goal of this study is to conduct an examination of a group of pedestrian accidents at unprotected crosswalks in LA and determine the validity of the current practices. ...more >
document New Jersey: Statewide Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan, Phase 2, New Jersey Department of Transportation
This plan provides clear guidance for the most effective use of Federal, State, and local resources to implement pedestrian and bicycle facilities. The stated goals and objectives are supported with proposed performance measures to determine the effectiveness and critical success factors. ...more >
document VTrans 2025: Virginia's Statewide Multimodal Long-Range Transportation Plan, Commonwealth of Virginia Secretary of Transportation
Virginia's long-range transportation plan, called VTrans2025, is a blueprint for shaping the transportation future. It establishes a commonly held vision, goals, and objectives to guide and direct decision- ...more >
document Measuring Sprawl and Its Impact, Smart Growth America
This report summarizes a three-year study by Ewing, Pendall, and Chen that attempted to define, measure and evaluate metropolitan sprawl and its impact. This report is the first in a series of findings to be issued based on the ongoing analysis of that work. ...more >
document Florida: Pedestrian Planning and Design Handbook, Florida Department of Transportation
The plan presents guidelines, standards, and criteria for pedestrian planning and facilities. It is intended as a reference for any locality, agency, organization, group, or citizen interested in improving the walking environment. ...more >
document Georgia Pedestrian & Streetscape Guide, Georgia Department of Transportation
The guide focuses on the design of pedestrian environments and streetscape facilities. It offers technical information on "best practices" that apply to situations encountered in project development. ...more >
document Vermont: Pedestrian and Bicycle Facility Planning and Design Manual, Vermont Agency of Transportation
The manual assists agencies, organizations, and citizens with the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of pedestrian facilities in the variety of settings. ...more >
document Oregon: Bicycle and Pedestrian Plan, Oregon Department of Tranportation
This is one of the first plans developed to promote walking. It is in-depth and informative, addressing various aspects of pedestrian planning. ...more >
document Bicycling and Walking in North Carolina, A Long Range Transportation Plan, North Carolina Department of Transportation
The North Carolina pedestrian plan builds upon the state's long-range transportation plan, elaborating on the goals, focus areas, and programming specific to walking. ...more >
document North Carolina: Planning and Designing Local Pedestrian Facilities, North Carolina Department of Transportation
The Local Pedestrian Facilities manual provides suggestions and guidelines for local planners and traffic engineers to increase pedestrian safety and friendliness. ...more >
document Washington: Pedestrian Facilities Guidebook, Washington State Department of Transportation
The purpose of the Pedestrian Facilities Guidebook is to assist various agencies and organizations in pedestrian planning and encourage good design practices when developing these spaces. ...more >
web Pennsylvania: Pedestrian Planning and Design Guidelines, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
The Pedestrian Planning and Design Guidelines is one part of Statewide Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan for Pennsylvania. The design guidelines focus on best practices for sidewalks, intersections, ...more >
document District of Columbia Traffic Calming Policies and Guidelines, District Department of Transportation
To reduce the negative impact of motor vehicle use and ensure overall safety, the District of Columbia Traffic Calming Policies and Guidelines provide a process for involving the public in implementing traffic calming measures. ...more >
document Oakland Chinatown Pedestrian Scramble: An Evaluation, UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center
This project evaluates whether the installation of a pedestrian scramble at a particular location in Oakland, California, increased pedestrian safety. ...more >
document Idaho Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation Plan, Idaho Transportation Department
This document serves as a first step in establishing a statewide vision and comprehensive approach to pedestrian transportation planning. ...more >
document Wisconsin Pedestrian Policy Plan 2020, Wisconsin Department of Transportation
The Pedestrian Plan provides a basic description of existing and emerging pedestrian needs over the next 20 years, with a set of recommendations to meet those needs. The Wisconsin Department of Transportaion' ...more >
web Denver, CO: Pedestrian Master Plan, City and County of Denver
The plan establishes a city-wide pedestrian network. It uses a detailed development process that incorporates existing conditions assessment, existing plans, GIS studies, public involvement, and policy review. ...more >
document Marina, CA Pedestrian and Bicycle Master Plan, Local Government Commission
This plan contains a clear outline and discussion of goals and action strategies. It offers a comprehensive street inventory and assessment of deficiencies. ...more >
web City of Cambridge, MA Environmental and Transportation Division, City of Cambridge
The City of Cambridge's pedestrian program works to improve walking conditions in the city through engineering improvements, promotional activities, and educational project. ...more >
document Bellevue, WA: Pedestrian and Bicycle Transportation Plan Update, City of Bellevue Transportation Department
This is a policy-oriented document that aims to revise the 30-year plan. It presents key issues that have appeared during the implementation of pedestrian facilities, proving to be a helpful resource for localities considering such improvements. ...more >
document San Diego, CA: Planning and Designing for Pedestrians, SANDAG, San Diego's Regional Planning Agency
These guidelines provide an extremely thorough look at how to plan and design for the pedestrian. ...more >
document Portland, OR: Pedestrian Master Plan, City of Portland
The Master Plan outlines an action plan to achieve the city's pedestrian-oriented goals. To identify needed improvements, the plan used a rigorous identification process, including several opportunities for public input. ...more >
web Oregon Department of Transportation Bicycle and Pedestrian Program, State of Oregon
This site provides infomation for local residents in addition to a variety of resources adaptable to general users, including design guides and standard drawings. ...more >
document Madison, WI: Pedestrian Transportation Plan, City of Madison
This plan dedicates a significant section to the history and importance of pedestrian planning, as well as "thinking like a pedestrian." ...more >
document Chapel Hill, NC: Bicycle and Pedestrian Action Plan, Town of Chapel Hill
This is a concise, general plan that provides a foundation for future pedestrian planning. ...more >
document Oakland, CA: Pedestrian Master Plan, City of Oakland
The plan is a fine example of how to examine census information and pedestrian collision data, showing graphs on speed, location, time of day, age, etc. ...more >
document Cambridge, MA: Pedestrian Plan, City of Cambridge
This is a beautiful and creative plan that addresses safety and walkability. It begins with general pedestrian issues and then moves on to specific action in Cambridge. ...more >
web Links to pedestrian issues and organizations provided by PEDS, Pedestrians Educating Drivers on Safety, Inc. (PEDS)
This page provides links to both Atlanta-based and national organizations including neighborhood associations, transportation agencies, and advocacy groups. ...more >
document Phoenix, AZ: Pedestrian Plan 2000, Maricopa Association of Governments
The Maricopa Association of Governments plan promotes the accommodation of pedestrian travel throughout the low-density, automobile-oriented Phoenix metropolitan area. ...more >
document Seattle, WA: Regional Bicycle and Pedestrian Implementation Strategy for the Central Puget Sound Region, Puget Sound Regional Council
This regional plan identifies more than 2,000 miles of needed bike lanes and oaths and pedestrian improvements around activity centers. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Evaluation for the City of Emeryville at Four Intersections, UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center
This study attempts to predict the impacts of increasing volumes of vehicular, pedestrian, and bicycle traffic in Emeryville, California. ...more >
web Boulder, CO: Transportation Master Plan, City of Boulder
Pedestrian planning is fully integrated into the Boulder, CO Transportation Master Plan. The plan outlines modal split targets of 15 percent by bike and 24 percent by foot by 2020 and offers a variety of resources to transportation officials seeking to increase pedestrian travel. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicyclist Standards and Innovations in Large Central Cities, Rudin Center for Transportation Policy and Management at NYU Wagner
The report reviews how best to accommodate the use of bicycles and walking while ensuring safety and sufficient mobility for motor vehicles for large central cities and provides examples of best practices in various cities nationally and internationally. ...more >
document Give Elderly Pedestrians More Time To Cross Intersections, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
The objective of this research was to determine the difficulties encountered at five intersections in Miami Beach by older pedestrians, and to generate recommendations that address these difficulties. ...more >
document A Study of Land Use, Transportation, Air Quality, and Health (LUTAQH) in King County, WA, Lawrence Frank & Co., GeoStats, Inc, San Diego State University, University of Cincinnati
This research documents the impact of land use decisions and transportation investments and suggests strategies for allocating resources to encourage more compact, mixed use neighborhoods with more transportation choices. ...more >
document Reevaluating The Role Of Highway Expansion For Improving Urban Transportation, Victoria Transport Policy Institute
This report investigates claims that highway capacity expansion is a cost effective and desirable solution to urban traffic congestion problems. ...more >
graphic Pedestrian Design Treatments, Washington State Department of Transportation
These diagrams provide illustrative examples of different design treatments for intersections. ...more >
web Walkable Communities Library, Walkable Communities, Inc.
This website provides a selection of resources including richly illustrated posters demostrating levels of service and treatment options, in addition to a variety of short papers, checklist, sample brochures and more, ...more >
document Pedestrian Grade Separation Locations: A Priority Ranking System, New Jersey Department of Transportation
This report describes the development of a priority ranking system for locations whre the installation of a pedestrian grade separation is proposed. ...more >
document A Review of ITS-Based Pedestrian Injury Countermeasures, UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center
This report reviews previous scientific evaluation of red light enforcement cameras, illuminated walk signal push buttons, automated pedestrian detection systems for traffic signals, flashing crosswalk lights, ...more >
document Pennsylvania's Traffic Calming Handbook, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
"Pennsylvania's Traffic Calming Handbook" provides guidance for PennDOT when considering the use of traffic calming measures on State roadways in Pennsylvania. ...more >
document Lista de Condiciones para Caminar (Spanish Walkability Checklist), California Walk to School Day
This is a Spanish-language version of a Walkability Checklist, designed for parents and children to assess their route to school. ...more >
document An Intensive Pedestrian Safety Engineering Study Using Computerized Crash Analysis, UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center
This paper describes the technical procedures and the pedestrian countermeasure plan that resulted from an intensive study designed to analyze pedestrian injuries by zones (i.e., neighborhoods or districts) ...more >
web Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals, Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals
National membership group for planners, engineers, advocates, academics working to improve conditions for bicycling and walking. ...more >
web Center for Livable Communities, Local Government Commission
The Center for Livable Communities helps local governments and community leaders be proactive in their land use and transportation planning, and adopt programs and policies that lead to more livable and resource- ...more >
document Review and Comparison of NJ Traffic Signal Standards for Striping Schemes for Pedestrian Crossings, Voorhees Transportation Policy Institute
This paper presents findings of enhanced and more innovative practices of traffic signal standards and striping schemes that could be applied to pedestrian crossings throughout New Jersey. ...more >
document Road Diets: Fixing the Big Roads, Walkable Communities
This paper explores the use of road diets to manage vehicular transportation. ...more >
document Pedestrian Safety Toolkit Resource Catalog, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
A guide for pedestrian safety activists to help them locate resources that fit their needs. Includes steps to starting a pedestrian safety program and a list of resources that will be needed. 80 pages. ...more >
document School Administrator's Guide to School Walk Routes and Student Pedestrian Safety, Washington Traffic Safety Commission and Washington State DOT
The School Administrator's Guide to School Walk Routes and Student Pedestrian Safety provides resources to help develop, maintain, and improve school walk routes. ...more >
document The Influence of Traffic Calming Devices Upon Fire Vehicle Travel Times, Portland Department of Transportation
The paper presents the results of a research project conducted by the City of Portland to measure the affects of both traffic circles and speed bumps on response times for various types of fire apparatus. ...more >
document Achieving Support for Traffic Mitigation from Elected Officials and Emergency Services, City of Phoenix, Arizona, Institute of Transportation Engineers
This paper discusses techniques for achieving support from neighborhood residents, elected officials, emergency service providers, and more. Also provided is a brief introduction to Phoenix and a description of Phoenix' ...more >
document Environmental Factors Associated with Adults' Participation in Physical Activity., American Journal of Preventive Medicine
This paper provides an overview of the measures that have been used to assess environmental attributes and to review the patterns of environment-behavior associations that have thus far been identified. ...more >
web Completing the Streets for Transit, National Complete Streets Coalition, Transportation Planning Capacity Building Program
The National Complete Streets Coalition is working to fully integrate multi-modal planning practices into everyday activities at transportation planning agencies. ...more >
web Appropriate Traffic Calming Techniques for Small Iowa Communities, Shauna Hallmark
The purpose of the project was to evaluate traffic-calming treatments on the major road through small Iowa communities using either single-measure low-cost or gateway treatments. ...more >
document Status Report: Roundabouts, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
This status report reviews studies concerning motorist and pedestrian safety in roundabouts. ...more >
document School Trip Safety and Urban Play Areas, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of the School Trip Safety and Urban Play Areas research project was to develop guidelines for the protection of young pedestrians (5 -14 yrs) walking to and from school, entering and leaving school buses, ...more >
document Streets for People: Your Guide to Winning Safer and Quieter Streets, Transportation Alternatives
Streets for Poeple is a tool kit of solutions for traffic problems around New York City, which can be applied elsewhere. The document includes information of crashes, highlights case studies, and reviews a number of traffic calming measures. ...more >
document Trail Construction and Maintenance Notebook, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Recreational Trails Program, Federal Highway Administration
This guide focuses on the basics of trail construction and maintenance, presented it in an easy-to-understand fashion, and oriented just to activities done in the field. ...more >
multimedia Bike and Pedestrian Projects: Best Practices in New Jersey and Beyond, Transportation Policy Institute
This presentation shows examples of good pedestrian and bicycle design in New Jersey. It discusses the need for pedestrian and bicycle facilities and the impact that walkable designs have on public health. ...more >
web Study of Optimal Travel Speed Limits for Shared Travel, New Jersey Department of Transportation
This report summarizes the results of the work performed under the project Study of Optimal Travel Speed Limits for Shared Traffic. ...more >
document The Effects of Roundabouts on Pedestrian Safety, The Southeastern Transportation Center
This paper examines pedestrian safety at roundabouts in the United States using a literature review along with case study analysis, statistical analysis, and simulation analysis to compare pedestrian safety at a conventional signalized intersection to a case study modern roundabout. ...more >
document The Influence of Vertical Illuminance on Pedestrian Visibility in Crosswalk, 18th Biennial Transportation Research Board Visibility Symposium
This project investigates the required lighting levels for crosswalk illumination. ...more >
document Trail Intersection Design Handbook, Florida Department of Transportation
This detailed handbook discusses design processes and principles of designing trail/roadway intersections. ...more >
document Infrastructure Solutions to Improve Pedestrian Safety,
A comprehensive study aimed at conducting a detailed analysis of pedestrian accidents, a diagnosis of infrastructure problems, and assembling a collection of solutions. ...more >
document Traffic Calming Policy Manual, Municipality of Anchorage Traffic Department
This manual provides a toolbox of traffic calming measures, their effectiveness and some basic guidelines for their implementation. ...more >
document Crosswalks at Roundabouts - Effects of Pedestrian Guard Rails on Utilization,
The goal of this research is to examine the effects of guard rails at roundabouts and the conflicts that may arise. ...more >
document Emerging Technology for Roads, Crosswalks, and Pedestrian Safety Zones, Transpo Industries, Inc.
This paper will discuss three innovative products that are specifically designed with pedestrians and motorcycle riders safety in mind. ...more >
document Automated Pedestrian Detection: Assessing Device Effectiveness and Potential Barriers to Acceptance in North America,
This paper presents the findings of the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Technical Committee on Automated Pedestrian Detection (APD). ...more >
document Reassessing the Relative Dangers of Walking and Motoring, Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida
This paper proposes a new approach to risk measurement to reassess the relative injury risk from motor vehicles between walking and motoring. ...more >
document Role of Environmental Attributes in Explaining Pedestrian-Vehicular Crashes near Public Schools, Transportation Research Board
This study analyzes pedestrian-vehicular crashes to determine any relationships that may exist between crashes near public schools and the physical and social attributes of these schools. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Countdown Signals for Pedestrians in Germany,
A before-and-after-study was carried out covering traffic volume of cars and pedestrians, delay and acceptance of the signals after the installation of a countedown signal. ...more >
document Effects of Site Design on Pedestrian Travel in Mixed-Use, Medium-Density Environments, Washington State Department of Transportation
This report examines whether high or low incidence of pedestrian travel in mixed-use, medium-density environments is due to site design characteristics, and specifically to presence of direct, continuous, ...more >
document High Resolution Modeling of Vehicle-Pedestrian Interactions for Estimating Pedestrian Risk at the Black Spots,
The paper presents the SAFEPED - microscopic 3D simulation of the Black Spot dynamics. ...more >
web Field Test of an Intelligent Transportation System for Pedestrians, The Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
This site reports on a field test of an Intelligent Transportation System device designed to aid wheelchair users. ...more >
document Safety of Vulnerable Road Users, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, France
This report presents a review of the current safety situation of vulnerable road users in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries. ...more >
document Planning for the Utilization of Pedestrian Underpasses: A Case Study of Delhi, India, Transportion Research Board
The objectives of this study are to identify and analyze the reasons for underutilization of underpasses in Delhi and to recommend possible modifications in their planning and design criteria. The full text may be purchased from the Transportation Research Board, ...more >
document Making Roads Safe for Pedestrians or Keeping them Out of the Way?, Transportation Research Board
This historical look at pedestrian policies in Britain explores the development of footpaths, pedestrian crossings and road safety with the aim of providing an understanding of how this development can provide perspectives on current pedestrian policies. ...more >
web City of Boulder, CO Transportation Planning, City of Boulder
The site of the the Transportation Planning Department for the City of Boulder provides information to residents on the City plans and projects, as well as several incident reporting forms. ...more >
document Oaklyn Borough, NJ Pedestrian/Bicycle Study, Borough of Oaklyn, Camden County New Jersey
In this final report, Urbitran Associates, Inc. identifies strategies and recommendations for six locations in order to create adequate facilities for both bicyclists and pedestrians. ...more >
web St. Louis Regional Bicycle and Pedestrian Program, East-West Gateway Council of Governments
The St. Louis Bicycle and Pedestrian Program includes projects to develop a level of service map for bicyclists and a citizen advisory committee. ...more >
document Walking the Walk: How Walkability Raises Home Values in U.S. Cities, CEOs for Cities
This paper explores the connection between home values and walkability, as measured by the Walk Score algorithm. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities in California, California Department of Transportation
The primary purpose of this document is to provide Caltrans staff with a synthesis of information on non-motorized transportation. ...more >
document Real Intersection Design, Voorhees Transportation Center at Rutgers University, New Jersey Department of Transportation Office of Bicycle and Pedestrian Programs
This report documents a workshop created to deal with poor intersection design in Ocean City. ...more >
document Bus Stop Style Guide, PPK Environment & Infrastructure
This document is a style guide for bus stops in urban areas in New South Wales. ...more >
document Encouraging Walking: Advice to Local Authorities, Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions: London
This report discusses the benefits of walking and policy decisions that can encourage people to get outside and walk. ...more >